Patients with COPD and MCI were recruited, and were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group consisted of EMT and IMT for a total of 8 weeks, while the control group received IMT only. Outcomes measured and compared in this cohort were diaphragmatic thickness fraction and excursion examined by ultrasound, the dyspnea score of modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), the cognitive score of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the score of COPD Assessment Test (CAT). In addition, the pulmonary function test, the cardiopulmonary exercise test, and the physiology performance of six minute walking test were also obtained. We also analyzed the difference of each parameters before and after training in each patient.
