2D-speckle Tracking in Pediatric Renal Chronic Disease

Kidney disease and chronic kidney failure are one of the most common causes of chronic childhood disease. They are often complicated by cardiovascular disease, which can, in the long run, affect patients' prognosis. Thus, mortality in children undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage kidney failure is related in more than 30% of cases to a cardiovascular complication. An annual cardiac assessment is recommended as part of the follow-up of these patients to assess the cardiac impact of kidney disease (high blood pressure, hyper-uremia, etc.). The use of conventional cardiological assessment parameters does not predict the cardiovascular prognosis of patients because the alteration of these parameters is greatly delayed in the course of the disease. 2D strain or "speckle tracking echocardiography" is a non-invasive ultrasound technique that allows for a more sensitive assessment of myocardial tissue damage and its early impairment has been shown as a factor of poor prognosis in other pediatric chronic pathology (neuromuscular disease, cardiotoxic exposure, etc.) as well as in adult chronic kidney failure. The SPECKLE- KIDNEY-PED trial is a multicentre observationnal controlled study. The main objective of this work is to asses the 2D strain ventricular function in children with kidney failure, to compare it with that of healthy children of 6 to 17 years old, and to correlate it with the cardio-renal severity of the disease in terms of level of kidney failure and aerobic physical fitness. The secondary objective is to assess, in this population, the level of exercice capacity and to compare it to the general population of children of the same age. A total of 180 children are recquired to observe a significant difference of 2,5% of the global strain value with a power of 90% and an alpha risk of 5%. The SPECKLE- KIDNEY-PED trial intends to improve the level of evidence for future guidelines on cardiologic survey and promotion of physical activity in this population