Gut Microbiota in Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Age \< 18 years and ≥80 years
• •2. Denial of further participation
• •3. Obesity with BMI≥40 kg/m2
• •4. History of organ transplantion
• •5. Psychiatric disorder, limiting participation in the study
• •6. Acute infections
• •7. Exacerbation of chronic infection 2 weeks before the enrollment
• •8. Cancer with no radical treatment
• •9. Pregnancy and lactation
• •10. Alcohol and drug addition
• •11. Chronic kidney disease with GFR \<30 ml/min/1.73m2
• •12. Systemic autoimmune diseases
• •13. Inflammatory bowel disease
• •14. Antimicrobial and probiotic treatment 3 months before the enrollment
• •1. Ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), cerebrovascular disease (stroke, transient ischemic attack), occlusive peripheral arterial disease, revascularization of any vascular bed.
• •2. Cardiomyopathies
• •3. Symptomatic arterial hypertension
• •4. Diabetes mellitus
• •5. Signs of previous myocardial infarction on ECG
• •6. Arrhythmias (parohysmal arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block grade II-III)
• •7. Signs of current myocardial ischemia on ECG
• •8. Decompensated heart failure
• •1. Exacerbation of COPD or asthma 3 months before the enrollment which required antibiotic treatment or systemic corticosteroids.
• •2. Type 1 diabetes mellitus and other specific types of diabetes
• •3. Severe microangiopathy: proliferative and terminal stage of diabetic retinopathy, chronic kidney disease (GFR \< 30 ml/min/1,73 m2) for patients with type 2 diabetes
• •4. The history of moderate, severe and very severe COPD
• •5. The history of moderate or severe asthma
• •6. Vegetarians or vegans
• •1. Chronic liver diseases except NAFLD
• •2. The history of moderate, severe and very severe COPD
• •3. The history of moderate or severe asthma
• •4. Vegetarians or vegans
• •5. Diabetes mellitus
• •Criteria for groups of heart failure and obstructive atherosclerosis (retrospective)
• •1. Age \<18 and ≥80 years.
• •2. Refuse to sign study informed consent form
• •3. Body mass index ≥35 kg/m2
• •4. Chronic kidney disease with GFR \<30 ml/min/1,73 m2
• •5. Current smoking
• •6. Moderate or severe COPD
• •7. Moderate or severe asthma
• •8. Acute infections or exacerbation of chronic infections 2 weeks prior to study enrollment
• •9. History of allergic reactions to gadolinium contrast
• •10. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy: primary, amyloidosis, glycogen storage diseases, hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, drug induced cardiomyopathy, radiation heart disease, constrictive pericarditis).
• •11. Connective tissue disease
• •12. Cancer with no radical treatment
• •13. Pregnancy or lactation
• •14. Inflammatory bowel disease
• •15. Use of antimicrobial agents, probiotics or systemic corticosteroids 3 months before the enrollment