Effects of COVID-19 Infection and Critical Illness on Diaphragm Tissue Characteristics and Movement, Visualized With MRI

Exclusion Criteria

• •A potential subject for the case group who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:
• •Known history of:
• •* Diaphragmatic injury or weakness prior to ICU stay
• •* COPD (GOLD IV)
• •* Neuromuscular disease (including pathology of the n. phrenicus)
• •* Connective tissue disease
• •* Chronic use of corticosteroids (\>7.5 mg/day for at least 3 months before hospital admission)
• •* \>10% weight loss within last 6 months prior to ICU admission
• •Obesity (BMI \> 30 kg/m2 at hospital admission)
• •Known pregnancy
• •Contraindications for MRI
• •* Electrical/metallic implants
• •* Claustrophobia
• •Unable to hold breath for 10 seconds
• •Hierarchical relation with one of the collaborating investigators
• •Incapacitation
• •Contraindications for the use of a Gadolinium based contrast agent for MRI
• •* Known eGFR \< 30 ml/min/1.73m2
• •* Known history of allergic reactions to an MRI contrast medium
• •* Known history of allergic reactions requiring immediate treatment
• •* Known history of atopy
• •History of COVID-19-infection (confirmed with positive test)
• •History of mechanical ventilation \> 24 hours
• •History of COVID-19-infection (confirmed with positive test)