Comparison of Continuous Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion Versus ESP Block for Rib Fracture Analgesia

Exclusion Criteria

• •Hemodynamically instability,
• •Mechanical ventilation,
• •Polytrauma (defined as bone or organ injury outside the thorax),
• •Pregnancy,
• •Incarceration
• •Local anesthetic allergy or contraindications to lidocaine (Stokes-Adams syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, or severe degrees of sinoatrial, atrioventricular, or intraventricular block)
• •Chronic opioid use.