Influence of Fampridine on Working Memory in Healthy Young Subjects

Exclusion Criteria

• •contraindications to the class of drugs under study, e.g. known hypersensitivity or allergy to 4-aminopyridine
• •use of potassium channel blockers within the last 3 months
• •concomitant treatment with OCT 2 inhibitors and substrates (e.g. cimetidine, propranolol)
• •acute or chronic psychiatric disorder (e.g. major depression, psychoses, somatoform disorder, suicidal tendency)
• •acute cerebrovascular condition
• •history of seizures
• •risk of lowered seizure threshold (due to e.g. sleep deprivation, withdrawal of alcohol after alcohol abuse)
• •renal impairment
• •history of malignant cancers
• •walking problems (e.g. due to dizziness)
• •bradycardia \> 50/min during clinical examination
• •clinically significant concomitant disease states (e.g. hepatic dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma)
• •clinically significant laboratory or ECG abnormality that could be a safety issue in the study
• •known or suspected non-compliance
• •drug or alcohol abuse
• •inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language or psychological problems of the participant
• •participation in another study with an investigational drug within the 30 days preceding and during the present study
• •prior participation (less than two years ago) in a study investigating working memory (notably the n-back task)
• •enrolment of the investigator, his/her family members, employees and other dependent persons
• •smoking (\>3 cigarettes per day)
• •intake of psychoactive drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines, antidepressants, neuroleptics)
• •pregnancy or breast feeding
• •experiencing a syncope during basal rMT measuring
• •metal in the brain, skull or elsewhere in the body (e.g., splinters, fragments, clips, etc.)
• •implanted neurostimulator (e.g., DBS, epidural/subdural, VNS)
• •cardiac pacemaker or intracardiac lines
• •medication infusion device
• •piercings, pivot teeth (retainers are no exclusion criterion)
• •tattoos (head area) less than 3 months old or older than 20 years
• •condition after neurosurgery
• •hearing problems or tinnitus
• •not able to sit still due to tremor, tics, itching
• •history of repeated syncope
• •head trauma diagnosed as concussion or associated with loss of consciousness
• •diagnosis of epilepsy, or a convulsion or a seizure in the past of the participant or his family
• •TMS in the past showing problems
• •MRI in the past showing problems
• •surgical procedures to spinal cord
• •spinal or ventricular derivations