Prospective Study of Immune Alterations in Operable Breast and Ovarian Carcinoma

Breast cancer is the main cancer in women and is the second cause of mortality by cancer in the world for women ; high grade serous ovarian cancer is a rare pathology but survival is less 25% at 5 years. Breast and ovarian cancers are complex entities with heterogeneous tumor cells but also normal cells including immune cells with represent the microenvironment of the tumor.This microenvironment limits tumor progression but also has been shown to play a crucial role in disease progression, tumor angiogenesis, maintenance and resistance to anticancer therapies. Despite newly developed immunotherapies, only one-third of patients with breast and ovarian cancer responds to checkpoint inhibitors ; so today there is poor benefit to treat breast and ovarian cancers with immunotherapies. Therefore it needs to better understand immune mechanisms which reduce treatment efficacy. The aim of this clinical study is to better understand mechanisms of immune response inhibition in breast and ovarian cancers. It would characterize actionable targets in patients with resistance to conventional anticancer treatments or immunotherapies.In this context, the hypothesis is that some specific phenotypical or functional alterations of specific immune cells populations (DC, LB, plasmocytes IgA, neutrophils, NK cells, CD8+CD39+ LT, Treg) induce tumoral progression in breast and ovarian cancer. These immune populations will be described (qualitative, quantitative and functional descriptions ; proteic, transcriptomic and genomic profiles) in order to i) determine new immune surveillance mechanisms ii) new targets which allow efficient antitumoral immunity in breast and ovarian cancers.