The proposed exercise program utilizes a novel reference chart system to monitor cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and trigger necessary interventions. This reference chart has been developed from CRF data collected in 173 cancer survivors participating in the BfitBwell Program, a highly effective supervised exercise program pioneered at the University of Colorado. The reference chart estimates the continuous trajectory of fatigue improvement during the three-month program. The focus of this study is to extend the benefits of an effective, supervised exercise program to rural Coloradoans via a home exercise program supported by CRF monitoring and symptom-triggered telehealth sessions. Deviations from estimated improvements in CRF will trigger telehealth sessions with a cancer exercise specialist (CES) to adapt the exercise prescription, in real time, as in a supervised program. The intent is to replicate the effects of a supervised exercise program in cancer survivors in rural areas without access to such programs. The feasibility, effectiveness, and design of the program will be assessed with two specific aims.
Aim 1: Determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the proposed exercise program.
Objective 1a: Assess the enrollment rate of patients able and willing to participate in the program and the adherence of patients enrolled in the program to their prescribed exercise, CRF monitoring, and telehealth session participation.
Objective 1b: Assess the effect of the proposed program on CRF improvements in enrolled participants and compare this effect to that of the supervised BfitBwell exercise program.
Exploratory Objective 1: Assess the feasibility of the semi-continuous remote monitoring of fatigue (ecological momentary assessment) to better tailor the program to more acute changes in CRF.
Aim 2: Assess participant perspectives of barriers and facilitators to participation in the prescribed exercise and CRF monitoring.
Objective 2: Gather qualitative data on barriers and facilitators to participation from all participants enrolling in the program using semi-structured interviews.
This is an innovative program, being the first exercise intervention to implement real time adaptations for rural patients, with decisions anchored against a novel symptom monitoring system. Qualitative data will be collected to improve the next iteration of the program and to inform a future, large-scale clinical trial of program implementation in rural populations. The long-term goal is to develop a feasible and effective exercise program for rural cancer survivors which replicates the benefits of supervised exercise programs to which access may be restricted in rural settings.
This is a prospective, single-arm pilot intervention trial. It will collect objective data on the feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention, as well as qualitative data to inform how the intervention could be improved in future iterations. The exploratory aim will collect data on "in-the-moment" fatigue that could also inform novel future versions of the intervention.
This investigation will recruit adult cancer survivors treated at the University of Colorado Cancer Center (aged 18 years and over) who live in rural Colorado, have completed cancer treatment, and report moderate-to-severe CRF (\> 3 on a 0-10 scale, per NCCN definition). Cancer type will be limited to the three types with the highest anticipated new cases in Colorado in 2020: breast, prostate, and lung. Only survivors who have completed medical treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiation), with curative intent, within the past 12 months, and have no additional treatment planned for the next four months, will be recruited. Rural participants will be defined as those who have greater than a 1-hour commute to the major front range cities (Denver, Fort Collins, and Colorado Springs). Participants must have home internet access and smartphones to allow participation in telehealth sessions and remote monitoring of exercise participation and fatigue. Participants with medical conditions that would impact the safety of, or participation in, an exercise program will be excluded. Twenty participants will be recruited in one year, with the goal of retaining at least 15 through the final assessment.
Participants will complete assessments (baseline and final) and exercise sessions virtually. The primary outcome measure will be the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) scale. Other assessment items will include measures of physical fitness and function. CRF will be assessed by questionnaires every two weeks, and semi-continuously with a smartphone application. The exercise program is 12 weeks long, and includes 2 mandatory virtual exercise sessions, and up to 5 triggered virtual exercise sessions. Participants will be mailed equipment to complete the study upon enrollment.
