Disparity/Diversity background (either race/ethnicity, low SES (adults with incomes at or below the federal poverty level (family income to poverty ratio, ≤1), language (non-English speaker) or education (≤9 years of education))
Patient scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the Edwards Sapien valve, OR recently implanted with Edwards Sapien valve (up to 1 year post-TAVR)
Echocardiographic diagnosis of severe, symptomatic AS and intermediate to high surgical risk per Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) mortality risk-score
You may not be if
Age \< 18
Patients who do not allow their records to be used for research
