Passive Versus Active Educational Interventions for Melanoma Recognition

Almost 60-70% of primary melanomas are first detected by patients or their relatives and not by physicians. Then, it appears imperative to promote public campaigns in order to increase the awareness of laypersons on the most important rules for early identification of atypical skin lesions. The two main clinical rules are: 1. ABCD rule. According to this rule, lesions characterized by one of more of the following features: Asymmetry, irregular Borders, Color variegation and Diameter larger than 6 mm, should be considered at risk for malignancy. In order to evaluate Evolution, monitoring strategies have been implemented; 2. "ugly duckling" sign. According to this rule, a suspicious lesion tends to be different from the general nevus pattern of a given patient. The passive intervention will consist in the administration of a booklet containing the explanation of this two previous clinical rules for early detection of atypical melanocytic lesions. In the active intervention a standardized explanation will be given to the patient by a dermatologist, together with the administration of the booklet. Efficacy will be evaluated through the completion of a specific test before, immediately after and after one month the administration of the educational intervention.