Skin Barrier Assessment in Pregnancy and at Birth

Exclusion Criteria

• •Use of systemic immunosuppressive drugs including oral steroids within 30 days of skin barrier assessment
• •Has received total body phototherapy (e.g., ultraviolet light B \[UVB\], psoralen plus ultraviolet light A \[PUVA\], tanning beds \[\>1 visit per week\]) within 30 days of skin barrier assessment
• •Use of topical corticosteroids, topical immunomodulatory agents, or topical antibiotics on the extremity being evaluated within 7 days of skin barrier assessment
• •Use of systemic antibiotics, antiparasitics, antivirals, or antifungals within 7 days, or antihistamines within 5 days of skin barrier assessment
• •Has taken a bleach bath within 7 days of skin barrier assessment
• •Use of emollients on the extremity being evaluated within 24 hours of skin barrier assessment
• •Has taken a bath or shower on the day of the skin barrier assessment
• •Pregnant women with high risk pregnancies.
• •Pregnancy is from an egg donation.
• •Pregnant women pregnant with more than one fetus.
• •Pregnant women with psychiatric and developmental co-morbidities that would render them unable to provide informed consent or perform study-related procedures.
• •AIDS and HIV infection.
• •A fetus with chromosomal or congenital abnormalities, a heritable hematological disorder like thalassemia or sickle cell disease in the mother.
• •Infant is delivered earlier than 34 weeks gestation.
• •Infant is born with a significant birth defect or medical condition where enrollment in this study is not in the infant's best interest.