Convalescent Plasma for Patients With COVID-19

Importance: Convalescent plasma has been shown to be safe in patients with COVID-19, but whether it is clinically effective in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia is still unclear. Objective: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, and adverse events related to transfusion of convalescent plasma in patients hospitalized with severe or critical COVID-19 pneumonia. Design, Setting and Participants: Randomized, single center, open-label, controlled trial of patients hospitalized between May 1, 2020, and August 1, 2020, with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in 1 tertiary care health system in the United States. A total of 30 participants age ≥ 18 years with 1 or more of the following were enrolled: dyspnea; respiratory rate \> 30; O2 saturation ≤ 93%; PaO2/FiO2 or SaO2/FiO2 ratio \< 300 mm Hg; and bilateral airspace opacities on chest x-ray \> 50% within 24 to 48 hours. Intervention: Transfusion with 1 unit of ABO compatible convalescent plasma in addition to standard care (n = 20) or standard care (n = 10). Standard care included steroids. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome was improvement in oxygenation 72 hours after infusion measured by change in arterial blood gas or in PaO2/FiO2 or Sa/FiO2. Secondary outcomes were mortality at 28 days, days on mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and mSOFA score.