Assessment of the Psycho-social Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak

In March 30, 2020, 78797 confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, 6528 deaths and 14709 recovered were reported in Spain\[1\]; 16157 cases and 1410 deaths recorded in Catalonia\[2\]. Case fatality (8%) is calculated on the registered cases, even if the actual mortality rate is uncertain as the total number of cases (including those undiagnosed and with mild symptoms) is unknown \[3\]. It is already a fact that there is local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the community. Everyone with a compatible respiratory condition is considered likely to be a case of SARS-CoV-2\[4\], despite that the etiological diagnosis cannot be made in this context of health emergency for all cases suspected, because of the lack of kits, personnel and saturation of the health system. Other major outbreaks of infectious diseases as Ebola have demonstrated that there is an important impact on the individuals and the communities. Psychological effects of the disease itself as well as the traumatic experience on the beloved ones are seen at individual level. At community level, health services, social system and economic productivity are severely affected\[5\]. After 2 months weeks of first case reported in Spain and 2,5 weeks of the quarantine and self-isolation of the region of Catalonia, the emotional burden of the general community has increased. In previous studies in other countries in which the SARS-CoV-2 epidemics have precede ours, a non despicable impact on mental health and emotional burden has been reported as well as has been demonstrated in mass quarantines which have been implemented in other epidemics context \[6-8\]. Moreover, a certain level of anxiety has been reported as necessary to adopt recommended precautionary measures against infection outbreaks\[9\], and therefore to successfully implement public health interventions understanding the attitudes and measuring psychological impact on people should be mandatory. On the other hand, in our setting by last report at 30th March 2020, 2600 of the confirmed cases in Catalonia are healthcare workers, representing the 16%. Besides their obvious increased risk of being infected, the healthcare workers facing the SARS-CoV-2 epidemics at frontline (emergency rooms, ICUs and other dept.) are put under a lot of stress and levels of anxiety. This is worse as the tension to the Health Systems increase, they needing to face important ethical dilemmas including triage of patients. Moreover, SARS epidemic proved not only that frontline healthcare workers suffered from chronic stress, but that this lasted at least for one year after the epidemics wave was over \[10\]. The aim of the present study is to assess the psychological and socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 epidemics, and we intend to do this on both the general population and the healthcare workers. An anonymous online survey is been shared through social media networks (including telegram, whatsapp, twitter) in order to get as many responses as possible from individuals of \>16 years old. For the healthcare workers subpopulation the questionnaire will be also be distributed via email, posters, institutional websites and other means deemed appropriate (in hospital or other healthcare settings). The anonymous online survey will include questions on sociodemographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days, socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and mental health status (through questions related to depression, anxiety, stress and PSTD, which have been used in other studies). We will share the survey through social media using the snowball sampling. We will continuously share the survey in order to collect responses 6 months after the outbreak, to learn how much the impact of it can last. The results obtained will allow us to: * Understand more accurately the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on general population wellbeing. * Measuring the impact on the health-care workers subpopulation which is critical to cope outbreaks is important to design interventions for stress management and enchance infection-control measures and patient care. The COM-COVID project is led by Dr. Cris Vilaplana (Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)). Dr. Vilaplana's team, mainly dedicated to the study of tuberculosis (https://unitatdetuberculosiexperimental.wordpress.com/), has been following a research line for the last 4 years measuring the quality of life of people in the context of infectious diseases so that they can study people suffering from them in a more holistic and humanistic way\[11,12\]. The project is an initiative of the SMA-TB consortium (https://www.smatb.eu/) (IGTP and Anaxomics) to fight against COVID-19. The Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA (https://www.flsida.org/en) is also collaborating in the project.