COVID-19 Search in Conjunctival Cells

In recent months, considerable interest has turned to Coronavirus infection in terms of early diagnosis and targeted therapy. Thanks to the experimentation of new therapeutic strategies, it becomes more and more evident how some subgroups of patients can benefit from a specific treatment, while others would have no benefit. Alongside these innovative clinical research techniques, early diagnosis that would lead to identifying those at risk of a new disease and new infection is becoming increasingly important. COVID-19 occurred in China in December 2019 but probably already had an expression in the previous months. The number of victims reached its peak in January 2020 with prevalent involvement of patients already at risk or with previous physical debilitations. But even apparently healthy and young individuals can be affected by infections with a lethal outcome. Since January 2020 new cases have been registered all over the world and prevalently in Italy. The main way of infection identified is the respiratory tract, but infection through conjunctival may not be excluded. The main outcome of this research is to investigate the positivity of the COVID-19 virus in the conjunctival mucosa to establish a new diagnostic target. All patients will receive both the conjunctival swab and nasopharyngeal swab. The conjunctival swab will be performed in each eye and both swabs will be inserted into the same virus test tube. The swab samples will be sent in the same day to the microbiology laboratory for examination by Real Time-PCR. The secondary outcome will be to evaluate the possible positivity of the conjunctival swab with the degree of systemic impairment. This objective has the purpose of personalized medicine.