Effects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Bright Light Therapy for Insomnia in Adolescents With Evening Chronotype

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Current diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence; current or history of manic or hypomanic episode, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, organic mental disorders, or intellectual disabilities;
• •2. Having a prominent medical condition known to interfere with sleep continuity and quality (e.g. eczema);
• •3. Having a clinically diagnosed sleep disorder that may potentially contribute to a disruption in sleep continuity and quality (e.g. narcolepsy) as ascertained by the Structured Diagnostic Interview for Sleep Patterns and Disorder (DISP);
• •4. Concurrent, regular use of medications known to affect sleep continuity and quality;
• •5. Initiation of and change of medication that may interfere with circadian rhythm within past 3 months (e.g. lithium);
• •6. In the opinion of the research clinician, having a clinically significant suicidality (presence of suicidal ideation with a plan or an attempt);
• •7. Currently receiving any other structured psychotherapy;
• •8. With hearing or speech deficit;
• •9. Presence of an eye disease (e.g. retinal blindness);
• •10. Night shift worker;
• •11. Trans-meridian flight in the past 3 months and during the study.