Comparison of High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy as Monotherapy for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer

Patients with a history of other malignancies, except: adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, or other solid tumors curatively treated with no evidence of disease for \>= 5 years

Prior or current bleeding diathesis

Radical surgery for carcinoma of the prostate, prior pelvic radiation, prior chemotherapy for prostate cancer, prior transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), prior cryosurgery of the prostate

Stage T3b and evidence of nodal or distant metastatic disease on diagnostic CT, MRI or bone scan

Subjects who have plans to receive other concomitant or post treatment adjuvant antineoplastic therapy while on this protocol including surgery, cryotherapy, conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, or chemotherapy given as part of the treatment of prostate cancer

Severe, active co-morbidity, defined as follows:

* Unstable angina and/or congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization within the last 6 months

* Transmural myocardial infarction within the last 6 months

* Acute bacterial for fungal infection requiring intravenous antibiotics at the time of registration

* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation or other respiratory illness requiring hospitalization or precluding study therapy within 30 days before registration

* Hepatic insufficiency resulting in clinical jaundice and/or coagulations defects; note, however, that laboratory tests for liver function and coagulation parameters are not required for entry into this protocol

* Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) based upon current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) definition; note, however, that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is not required for entry into this protocol. The need to exclude patients with AIDS from this protocol is necessary because the treatments involved in this protocol may be significantly immunosuppressive. Protocol-specific requirements may also exclude immumo-compromised patients

Subjects who have a history of significant psychiatric illness

Men of reproductive potential who do not agree that they or their partner will use an effective contraceptive method such as condom/diaphragm and spermicidal foam, intrauterine device (IUD), or prescription birth control pills

What this study is about