OPTIMAl Endovascular Exclusion of Consecutive Patient High-risk Carotid Plaque Using the MicroNet Covered Stent

Prospective, multicentric, multispecialty, international, open-label, single arm study using per-protocol intravascular ultrasound \[IVUS, 20MHz electronic phase-array transducer\] to document the procedure result of an effective plaque exclusion from the vessel lumen.

Investigator initiated, academic, single arm, open-label, non-randomized, prospective, multicenter, multispecialty trial of CGuard™ use in all-comer population of consecutive patients with carotid stenosis related cerebral symptoms (TIA, stroke, retinal TIA, retinal stroke) or signs of ipsilateral brain injury on MRI or CT imaging. The main objective of this observational study is to evaluate an incidence of residual plaque prolapse after carotid stenting using the study device. Study Rationale In conventional carotid stents, plaque prolapse (PP) on intravascular imaging had been determined to be strongly associated with new post-procedural diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance lesions on cerebral imaging and with increased ischaemic stroke incidence. A significant increase in PP susceptibility was observed with unstable carotid plaque, pointing to the limitations of conventional CAS in unstable carotid plaques, such as symptomatic and increased-spontaneous-symptoms-risk lesions. This is reflected in current guidelines that provide a higher recommendation class to surgical management (CEA) rather than CAS for symptomatic lesions. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the novel carotid stent covered with MicroNET (CGuard EPS) may be an optimal device for effective carotid plaque sequestration (that may be particularly relevant in high-risk plaques) - but no systematic study has been performed thus far. Because of the increasing evidence that not only clinical symptoms (that may be related to for instance the affection of dominant vs. non-dominant haemisphere) but also signs of ipisilateral cerebral infarct/s are a hallmark of high-risk plaque and are associated with adverse prognosis, and because that neurology increasingly uses the term "symptomatic" to refer to carotid stenosis associated with clinically silent ipisilateral cerebral infarct/s, the present study will enroll both patients with clinical symptoms of cerebral ischaemia in relation to carotid stenosis and those with (clinically silent) signs of ipsilateral injury such as ischemic focus/foci on CT or MRI/DW-MRI). As previously demonstrated, clinically significant/relevant PP is that depicted by IVUS (with angiography, on the one hand, being not sensitive enough and OCT, on the other, being possibly too sensitive).