Exablate for LIFU Neuromodulation in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and/or Other Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Subjects who are taking medications which may adversely interact with MOUD (See Appendix B for full list). Being on one of these medications would not automatically exclude a participant from study participation, does not automatically exclude a prospective subject from study participation. If a prospective or current subject is taking any medication listed in Appendix B, the study investigator is responsible for determining whether the subject is eligible for inclusion or continued study participation."
• •2. Subject with standard contraindications for MR imaging such as non-MRI compatible implanted metallic devices
• •3. Subject with known intolerance or allergies to the MRI contrast agent gadolinium (GADOVIST®)
• •4. Subject who are unable or unwilling to tolerate the required prolonged stationary position during treatment (approximately 2-3 hours)
• •5. More than 30% of the skull area traversed by the sonication pathway is covered by scars, scalp disorders (e.g., eczema), or atrophy of the scalp
• •6. Subject with implanted objects in the skull or the brain
• •7. Subject diagnosed with advanced kidney disease or on dialysis
• •8. Subject with impaired renal function with estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30 mL/min/1.73m2
• •9. Subject with known unstable cardiac status or severe hypertension including:
• •1. Documented myocardial infarction within six months of enrollment
• •2. Unstable angina on medication
• •3. Unstable or worsening congestive heart failure
• •4. Left ventricular ejection fraction below the lower limit of normal
• •5. History of a hemodynamically unstable cardiac arrhythmia
• •6. Cardiac pacemaker
• •7. Severe hypertension (diastolic BP \> 100 on medication)
• •10. Subject with history of abnormal bleeding, hemorrhage, or coagulopathy
• •11. Subject receiving anticoagulant (e.g. warfarin) or antiplatelet (e.g. aspirin) therapy within one week of focused ultrasound procedure or drugs known to increase risk or hemorrhage (e.g. Avastin) within one month of focused ultrasound procedure
• •12. Abnormal coagulation profile (PLT \< 100,000/μl), PT (\>13.9 sec) or PTT (\>37.5 sec), and INR \> 1.2. If values are outside the range of normal limits, any clinically significant value may be excluded as determined by a study investigator.
• •13. Subject with cerebrovascular disease as determined by MRI according to the Fazekas criteria. Grades II and III on the Fazekas scale should be excluded
• •14. Past or present diagnosis of schizophrenia, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, or untreated depression other than one determined to be substance induced (assessed via SCID-5)
• •15. Score of greater than 17 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) or increased risk of suicide based on any positive response regarding passive or active suicidal ideation with or without intent over the past 3 months or lifetime history of active suicidal ideation with intent on the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) at baseline
• •16. History of suicide attempt
• •17. Parental history of completed suicide
• •18. Subject meet the criteria for Cluster A or B Personality Disorders (assessed via SCID-5-PD)
• •19. Diagnosis of dementia or any other disorder which has led to a clinically significant cognitive impairment (assessed via NIHTB-CB)
• •20. Subject with brain tumors
• •21. Subject with chronic pulmonary disorders e.g. severe emphysema, pulmonary vasculitis, or other causes of reduced pulmonary vascular cross-sectional area
• •22. Any known CNS infection or infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or Hepatitis C (HCV). A diagnosis of Hepatitis C (HCV) alone is not exclusionary as long as hepatic function laboratory values are deemed not clinically significant by a study investigator and are ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal.
• •23. Subject who has had deep brain stimulation or a prior stereotactic ablation of the NAc, basal ganglia or thalamus
• •24. Subject who has been administered botulinum toxins into the arm, neck, or face for 5 months prior to baseline
• •25. Subject who is currently participating in another clinical investigation with an active treatment arm
• •26. Subject unwilling to abstain from illicit substance use during the course of the study
• •27. Subject is considered to be a poor surgical or study candidate, which may include, but is not limited to the following: any medical, social, or psychological problem that could complicate the required procedures and evaluations of the study in the judgment of the investigator
• •28. Subject is non-English speaking
• •29. Subject is pregnant or planning to be pregnant