Electrical DN as an Adjunct to Eccentric Exercise, Stretching + MT for Achilles Tendinopathy

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Report of red flags to manual physical therapy to include: hypertension infection, diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, heart disease, stroke, chronic ischemia, edema, severe vascular disease, malignancy, etc.
• •2. History of previous Achilles tendon surgery, ankle arthrodesis, hind foot fracture, or leg length discrepancy of more than one half inch.
• •3. History of arthrosis or arthritis of the ankle and/or foot.
• •4. History of significant ankle and/or foot instability
• •5. Two or more positive neurologic signs consistent with nerve root compression, including any two of the following:
• •1. Muscle weakness involving a major lower extremity muscle group
• •2. Diminished lower extremity patella or Achilles tendon reflexes
• •3. Diminished / absent sensation in any lower extremity dermatome
• •6. Involvement in litigation or worker's compensation regarding foot pain
• •7. Any condition that might contraindicate the use of electro-needling
• •8. The patient is pregnant.