BM-MNCs for Lower Extremity Compartment Syndrome Injury

The primary objectives are to assess safety and tolerability of a high and low dose of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells. Secondary objectives include evaluation of potential responses of the BM-MNC therapy. This is a two-stage, randomized, unblinded, multicenter (two sites), controlled phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety of two different doses of intramuscular injections of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells, commonly known as a type of stem cell. Acute compartment syndrome injury is a mixed soft tissue injury due to a trauma that causes edema leading to excessive pressure in the muscle compartment. This type of injury frequently results in permanent reduction in function and disability. A total of 18 participants that have undergone a fasciotomy for treatment of a lower leg compartment syndrome will be enrolled with 6 assigned to the control (observational) group, 6 to the low cell-dose group and 6 to the high cell-dose group. The treatment arm will receive a single dose (high or low) of autologous BM-MNCs 5 - 9 days post injury and fasciotomy and a minimum of 3 months of standard of care physical rehabilitation. An observational control arm will not receive cells post fasciotomy but will undergo a standard of care course of physical therapy and will be followed for comparison to assess early safety signals and potential benefit.