There is an ongoing trend towards implant based breast reconstruction in post-mastectomy patients in China. In 2015, more than 60% of patients undergoing breast reconstruction in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital opted for implant based breast reconstruction. One of the major complications in implant based breast reconstruction is infection, which could cause implant explantation, delay the time to adjuvant therapies in breast cancer patients, and inflict adverse psychological effects. Although empirical intravenous and/or oral antibiotics are suggested peri-operatively, local applications of antibiotics/antiseptics and their combinations are applied differently in many medical centers worldwide, and some even suggest against the use of intraoperative local antibiotics. Furthermore, there is no consensus as to the local application of antibiotics intraoperatively for breast reconstruction patients in Chinese population. We therefore designed an open-label prospective randomized control trial in our Chinese patient population to investigate the effects of three different approaches of intraoperative surgical site intervention with antibiotics and or antiseptics. In each groups, all peri-operative interventions are standardized to best reduce bias. Short-term infection rate and long-term capsular contracture rate will be observed in the hope of singling out the best modality in our medical center to integrate into the overall comprehensive treatment for female breast cancer patients.
