Lead Sponsor

University of Minnesota

Age

18 - No limit years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

•Any adult patient 18 years of age and older who is undergoing surgery for a lumbar spine problem. Common diagnoses in this category would include lumbar disc herniations, spinal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis, but this is not an exhaustive list.

•Patients with comorbidities excluding use of proposed injection.
•Patients with major head trauma such that they cannot provide consent or describe their post-operative pain.
•Patients with other surgical treatment during study treatment (i.e. more than 1 surgery during the study period or within 30 days prior to surgery).
•Pregnant women (as assessed by pre-operative pregnancy test, which is standard of care).
•Patients with dementia such that they cannot provide consent or describe their post-operative pain.
•Patients with an allergy to study medications.
•Patients with previous drug dependencies.
•Any patient that refuses to be randomized or does not wish to enroll.
•Vulnerable populations, such as prisoners.
•Patients with a fracture, tumor, or infection as their primary diagnosis.
•Patients undergoing a deformity correction.
•Patients with surgeries extending more than 4 levels, with surgeries that extend to the pelvis, or with surgeries that cross the thoracolumbar junction.