Helping Empower Liver and Kidney Patients

First, for Aim 1, Investigators along with direction from a diverse expert advisory group of nephrologists, hepatologists, and patient partners developed a decision aid based upon International Patient Decision Aids Standards guidelines, literature reviews, and expert advisory reviews. It includes plain language education, interactive learning modules personalized tailored information to help individuals use and consider information appropriate to their values and needs, and guidance on discussions with clinicians about treatment goals. Second, for Aim 2, Investigators will pilot-test the decision aid with 70 individuals in a pre-post within-subjects study design to evaluate the tool's efficacy, usability, and the likelihood of using it in clinical practice. Lastly, for Aim 3, Investigators will conduct 30 semi-structured qualitative interviews with both clinicians and participants after the pilot evaluation of the decision aid to gather feedback about implementing the tool into clinical practice.