7-day Compared With 10-day Antibiotic Treatment for Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in Children

In previously published European and global guidelines, there has been no consensus among experts regarding the duration of therapy for a febrile UTI. Depending on the recommendation, the duration of treatment should be between 7-14 days. 221 patients aged 3 months to 7 years with febrile UTIs (defined as a combination of fever and leukocyturia in urine sediment) will be randomly assigned to receive a 7-day treatment arm (7 days of cefuroxime/cefuroxime axetil followed by 3 days of blinded placebo) or a 10-day treatment arm (7 days of cefuroxime/cefuroxime axetil followed by 3 days of blinded cefuroxime axetil). The primary outcome measure will be frequencies of recurrence and reinfection of UTI during the 6 months after the intervention. The secondary outcome measures will be antibiotic-associated diarrhea and compliance.