Immunotherapy Study of Evofosfamide in Combination With Ipilimumab

Tumor hypoxia can lead to poor effector T cell penetration and immunosuppressive signaling via myeloid-derived suppressor, myofibroblast and regulatory T cells. Disruption of these hypoxic regions within the tumor microenvironment by the hypoxia-directed cytotoxic agent evofosfamide may enhance the ability of the CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab to reject otherwise resistant solid tumors. Additionally, induction of immunogenic cell death of tumor cells by evofosfamide may enhance dendritic cell presentation of tumor antigens to lymphocytes in draining lymph nodes, leading to clonal expansion of tumor-specific T cells, especially in combination with ipilimumab.