Hemodialysis in the Elderly (70yrs & Older)

This will be a prospective, single institution, parallel-group, single-blinded, randomized-controlled, two-arm, effectiveness study comparing autologous arteriovenous fistula versus hemodialysis access grafts in the elderly. The target sample size will include enrollment of 270 patients over a period of 5 years. The creation of an autologous arteriovenous fistula or placement of a hemodialysis access graft constitutes the two arms of the study. Following the access creation the patients will be followed-up as per the standard and study protocol for a period of 2 years from the time of access creation. The investigators will use block randomization to achieve a patient allocation ratio of 1:1, using varying blocks of sizes 4 and 6 in a random order as per a web-based/computer generated system maintained as a block randomization sequence/list concealed from the blinded clinical and trial research team until the end of trial. Patients will be randomly allocated based on this permuted sequence to either of the two intervention groups. Masking will be performed and shall involve blinding of the patients participating in the trial. The research assistants involved with consenting, enrolling, data collection and follow-up, and the statistician analyzing the outcome measures will be blinded to the group assignment. The operating surgeon shall be blinded to the allocation process until the time of access creation following which the knowledge regarding the type of access creation by the surgeon is inevitable. All patients will be consented and their study related details including history, physical evaluations, diagnostic tests, etc., will be entered on a case report form and maintained on a web-based database. The patients will be followed-up for a period of 2 years from the time of initial access creation until the access is abandoned or rendered nonfunctional until the end of the study period.