The Gut Microbiota of Bipolar and Depression

Background: MDD (Major Depressive disorder) and BD (Bipolar disorder), whose specific pathogenesis is still unclear, are both a multi-factorial disease being caused by biological, psychological and social factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in brain functions and in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases, such as autism, anxiety, as well as depression. No study has thus far compared the human gut microbiota among BD, MDD and the healthy control (HC). The aim of this study is to compare the composition of fecal microbiota among BD, MDD and HC. Furthermore, investigators aim at identifying direct correlations between human fecal microbiota (as a proxy for gut microbiota) and symptoms. Methods: 1. Investigators aim at recruiting human subjects in total 240, which including mania episode of bipolar disorder (40), depressive episode of bipolar disorder (40), mixed episode of bipolar disorder (40), first episode of major depressive disorder (40), recurrent episode of major depressive disorder (40), and healthy control (40). All patients, diagnosed according to the research criteria of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10）, come from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and controls are healthy volunteers. 2. Collecting blood and stool samples, evaluating clinical scales including Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Measurement And Treatment Research To Improve Cognition In Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) are all finished in first day after threshold. 3. Measure the metabolon in blood such as S-CFA, and gut microbiota. 4. Using Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) to compare general and clinical data among groups and analyze the correlation between the microbiota and symptoms.