To Identify Persons Who Are Susceptible to WSP-induced Inflammation and Examine the Role of GSTM1 and Other Factors in This Susceptibility

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Clinical contraindications:
• •1. Any chronic medical condition considered by the PI as a contraindication to the exposure study including significant cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic renal disease, chronic thyroid disease, history of chronic infections/immunodeficiency, history of tuberculosis.
• •2. Viral upper respiratory tract infection within 4 weeks of challenge.
• •3. Any acute infection requiring antibiotics within 4 weeks of exposure or fever of unknown origin within 4 weeks of challenge.
• •4. Abnormal physical findings at the baseline visit, including but not limited to abnormalities on auscultation, temperature of 37.8° C, Systolic BP \> 150mm Hg or \< 85 mm Hg; or Diastolic BP \> 90 mm Hg or \< 50 mm Hg, or pulse oximetry saturation reading less than 94%.
• •5. Unwillingness to use reliable contraception if sexually active (IUD, birth control pills/patch, condoms).
• •6. Use of immunosuppressive or anticoagulant medications including routine use of NSAIDS. Oral contraceptives are acceptable, as are Antidepressants and other medications may be permitted if, in the opinion of the investigator, the medication will not interfere with the study procedures or compromise safety and if the dosage has been stable for 1 month
• •7. Orthopedic in juries or impediments that would preclude bicycle or treadmill exercise.
• •8. Mental illness or history of drug or alcohol abuse that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with the participant's ability to comply with study requirements.
• •9. Medications which may impact the results of the WSP exposure, interfere with any other medications potentially used in the study (to include steroids, beta antagonists, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents).
• •10. Inability to avoid NSAIDS, Multivitamins, Vitamin C or E or herbal medications in the 4 days prior to the screening visit the exposure session.
• •11. Symptomatic allergic rhinitis or current active allergies.
• •12. Cigarette smoking \> 1 pack per month
• •13. Current symptoms of Covid infection
• •14. Positive Covid test in the past 90 days
• •Specific for Healthy Volunteers
• •15. Physician diagnosis of asthma.
• •Specific for Asthmatic Volunteers
• •16. Physician directed emergency treatment for an asthma exacerbation within the preceding 3 months
• •17. Moderate or Severe asthma
• •18. Exacerbation of asthma more than 2x/week which would be characteristic of a person of moderate or severe persistent asthma as outlined in the current NHLBI guidelines for diagnosis and management of asthma.
• •19. Daily requirement for albuterol due to asthma symptoms (cough, wheeze, chest tightness) which would be characteristic of a person of moderate or severe persistent asthma as outlined in the current NHLBI guidelines for diagnosis and management of asthma. (Not to include prophylactic use of albuterol prior to exercise).
• •20. Nighttime symptoms of cough or wheeze greater than 1x/week at baseline (not during a clearly recognized viral induced asthma exacerbation) which would be characteristic of a person of moderate or severe persistent asthma as outlined in the current NHLBI guidelines for diagnosis and management of asthma
• •21. History of intubation for asthma
• •22. Use of systemic steroid therapy within the preceding 3 months for an asthma exacerbation. All use of systemic steroids in the last year will be reviewed by a study physician.
• •23. Use of inhaled steroids, cromolyn or leukotriene inhibitors (Montelukast or Zafirlukast) except for use of cromolyn exclusively prior to exercise.
• •24. Use of daily theophylline within the past month