Newborns with gestational age 23 wks 0 days through 28 wks 6 days are randomized to control (delayed cord clamping for at least 30 seconds, or up to 60 seconds if breathing spontaneously, with ventilatory assistance provided after) or the VentFirst intervention (ventilatory assistance with continuous positive airway pressure or positive pressure ventilation given starting 30 seconds after birth and cord clamping at 120 seconds).
The primary outcome is lack of IVH on 7-10 day head ultrasound or death before day 7.
The study was designed to test the impact of the intervention in each of two cohorts:
1. Infants not breathing well 30 seconds after birth
2. Infants breathing well 30 seconds after birth
Randomization and analysis is stratified by gestational age category:
1. 23 0/6 to 25 6/7 weeks' gestation
2. 26 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks' gestation
