Assessment of Renal Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia: From Diagnosis to Treatment

Inclusion Criteria

• •Adult patients
• •hypertension based on ambulatory BP 24H measurements (12h mean daytime BP ≥135 or 85 mmHg)
• •renal artery stenosis due to multifocal FMD of the main renal artery or accessory artery with a diameter ≥ 5mm (defined using CT scan or duplex ultrasound),
• •if clinical and para-clinical information suggest that the hypertension might be caused by the renal stenosis and will require intravascular revascularization because of:
• •Recent onset of hypertension
• •Resistant hypertension (hypertension treated by 3 hypertensive drugs including one diuretic) based on ambulatory BP measurements (12h mean daytime BP ≥135 or 85 mmHg)
• •Hypertension for patients with poor compliance to medications or medication side effects.
• •Acute flash pulmonary edema
• •Delayed onset of hypertension with a decrease in kidney size or recent onset of renal failure especially after a renin-angiotensin system blocker