Retinoids comprise of a group of small-molecule derivatives of Vitamin A with retinoic acid (RA) representing the biologically most active endogenous form. RA has multiple functions central nervous system (CNS). It is hypothesized, that local RA homeostasis is functionally involved in the pathophysiology of numerous neuropsychiatric diseases.
Age
18–65
Sex
ALL
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
You may be eligible if
MDD-Group
depressive episode in the context of unipolar major depression
at least 18 points or more on the BDI and HAMD-17
diagnosed AD
subjects with schizophrenia
intended therapy with clozapine, olanzapine or aripiprazole
BMI: 18 - 29,9 kg/m2
subjects with alcoholism who either still consume alcohol or are abstinent for at least 4 weeks
You may not be if
additional or comorbid axis-I or axis-II disorder
current history of any neurological or other serious medical condition
any psychopharmacological treatment or substance use within the last two weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) of the respective substance
any oral or topical application of retinoid-containing preparations within the last 3 months
AD-Group
any other neurodegenerative disorder
any oral or topical application of retinoid-containing preparations within the last 3 months
Schizophrenia-Group
presence of diabetes or pathological glucose tolerance
presence of and chronic inflammatory disease
any psychopharmacological treatment of clozapine, olanzapine or aripiprazole within the last 3 months
any oral or topical application of retinoid-containing preparations within the last 3 months
Alcoholism-Group
any oral or topical application of retinoid-containing preparations within the last 3 months
current history of any neurological or other serious medical condition despite liver diseases
Clareo Health | Retinoic Acid Homeostasis in Neuropsychiatric Diseases
