Prediction of Outcome of Lupus Nephritis

Prospective multicenter study on the validity of levels of circulating antibodies to glomerular neo-autoantigens (alpha-enolase and annexin AI) and implantable antigens (anti-DNA, histone, istone3, istone4, C1q) as a surrogate biomarker for the diagnosis of lupus nephritis. The study will involve the collection of serum from patients with lupus nephritis at onset and during subsequent follow-up at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months for the titration of circulating autoantibodies. As a control the investigators will use the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without nephropathy, collected at the same time intervals. The investigators will also assess the antibody positivity in groups of patients with rheumatologic disease similar to lupus (rheumatoid arthritis) and in patients with autoimmune nephropathy without extrarenal clinical signs. Regarding patients with systemic lupus erythematosus the investigators will collect sera of both incident and prevalent patients in order to monitor changes in antibody levels in conjunction with the development of renal disease. Clinical tests (renal function, complete blood count, C reactive protein (CRP), ANA, native DNA (nDNA), urine analysis) will be performed at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months and the surplus of blood samples will be used to create the serum bank of the study. Samples will be collected in the pediatric nephrology of Giannina Gaslini Children Hospital, Genoa (coordinator centre) and in 5 rheumatological (Genoa, Pisa, Pavia, Padova, Brescia) and 6 nephrological (Milan, Genoa, Parma, Brescia, Bologna and Reggio Emilia) italian adults departments .