A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator in Adolescents With Down Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The study will be a multi-center, prospective, single-arm study conducted under a common implant and follow-up protocol. Twenty-one adolescents and young adults (10-21 years of age) with Down Syndrome with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy will be identified through a Multi-Disciplinary clinic for patients with Trisomy 21 at each of our participating sites Patients and their parents will be screened by a senior pulmonologist and pediatrician for medical clearance and willingness to participate. Subjects will then undergo preoperative evaluation with an in-lab polysomnogram (PSG), evaluation by a pediatric otolaryngology surgeon, and drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to ensure all inclusion and exclusion criteria are met. Subjects meeting eligibility criteria will then be implanted with the Inspire® Upper Airway Simulation System, Model 3024 IPG, and any subsequent iteration thereof that are approved under P130008 for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, a hypoglossal nerve stimulator, after informed consent. Surgery will be performed by senior pediatric otolaryngologists who have completed a training program for the Inspire® system. Subjects will then adhere to a follow-up schedule. The device will be activated and settings titrated during an in-lab sleep study 1 month postoperatively. Quality of life surveys and device interrogation will be conducted at timed intervals. Subjects will then undergo in-lab polysomnography at 2 months, 6 months, and 12-months, then on an annual basis, and the device titrated as needed. All personnel adjusting device parameters will be trained in programming the Inspire® system. For this pilot study, we will evaluate safety and efficacy over the first year after device implantation.