Benefit of Dual-chamber Pacing With Closed Loop Stimulation (CLS) in Tilt-induced Cardioinhibitory Reflex Syncope

Exclusion Criteria

• •\- Any other indication to IPG, implantable defibrillator (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), according to current guidelines
• •Any cardiac dysfunctions possibly leading to loss of consciousness:
• •overt heart failure;
• •ejection fraction (LVEF) \<40% (Echo-assessed within 3-month prior to study participation);
• •myocardial infarction;
• •diagnosis of hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy;
• •clinically significant valvular disease;
• •sinus bradycardia \<50 bpm or sinoatrial block;
• •Mobitz I second-degree atrioventricular block;
• •Mobitz II second or third-degree atrioventricular block;
• •bundle-branch block;
• •rapid paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia or ventricular tachycardia;
• •preexcited QRS complexes;
• •prolonged QT interval;
• •Brugada syndrome;
• •arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
• •Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension diagnosed by standing BP measurement;
• •Nonsyncopal loss of consciousness (eg, epilepsy, psychiatric, metabolic, drop-attack, cerebral transient ischemic attack, intoxication, cataplexy).
• •Symptomatic cardioinhibitory carotid sinus hypersensitivity.