MIS ReFRESH: Robotic vs. Freehand Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgeries

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Pregnancy
• •2. Revision surgery (prior laminectomy or discectomy is not excluded).
• •3. Infection or malignancy
• •4. Primary abnormalities of bones (e.g. osteogenesis imperfecta)
• •5. Primary muscle diseases, such as muscular dystrophy
• •6. Neurologic diseases (e.g. Charcot-Marie Tooth, Guillain-Barre syndrome, cerebral palsy, spina bifida or neurofibroma)
• •7. Spinal cord abnormalities with any neurologic symptoms or signs
• •8. Spinal cord lesions requiring neurosurgical interventions, such as hydromyelia
• •9. Paraplegia
• •10. Patients who have participated in a research study involving an investigational product in the 12 weeks prior to surgery
• •11. Patients requiring anterior release or instrumentation
• •12. Any other significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may either put the participants at risk because of participation in the study, or may influence the result of the study.
• •13. Patient cannot follow study protocol, for any reason
• •14. Patient cannot or will not sign informed consent