T Cell Receptor Immunotherapy Targeting NY-ESO-1 for Patients With NY-ESO-1 Expressing Cancer

PRECIS Background: * We have constructed a single retroviral vector that contains both and \<= chains of a murine T cell receptor (mTCR) that recognizes the New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) (ESO) tumor antigen, which can be used to mediate genetic transfer of this T-cell receptor (TCR) with high efficiency. * In co-cultures with human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-A serotype group (HLA-A2) and ESO double positive tumors, anti-ESO mTCR transduced T cells secreted significant amounts of Interferons (IFN)- \>= with high specificity. Primary objective: \- To determine whether the administration of anti-ESO mTCR-engineered peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) plus high-dose aldesleukin following a non-myeloablative lymphoid depleting preparative regimen may result in objective tumor regression in patients with metastatic cancers including melanoma expressing the ESO antigen. Eligibility: * Age greater than or equal to 15 years and less than or equal to 70 years. Patients aged 15-17 years must weigh at least 50 kg. * HLA-A\*0201 positive * Metastatic cancer including melanoma whose tumors express the ESO antigen * Previously received and have been a non-responder to or recurred after receiving standard care for metastatic disease * No contraindications for high-dose aldesleukin administration Design: * Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained by leukapheresis will be cultured in the presence of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3) and aldesleukin to stimulate T-cell growth. * Transduction is initiated by exposure of cells to retroviral vector supernatant containing the anti-ESO mTCR genes. This mTCR targets the exact same epitope as the human T-cell receptor (hTCR). * All patients will receive a non-myeloablative lymphocyte depleting preparative regimen of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine. * On day 0 patients will receive anti-ESO mTCR gene-transduced PBMC and then begin high dose aldesleukin. * A complete evaluation of evaluable lesions will be conducted 6 weeks (+/- 2 weeks) following the administration of the cell product. * The study will be conducted using a phase II optimal design (Simon R, Controlled Clinical Trials 10:1-10, 1989). The objective will be to determine if the combination of high dose aldesleukin, lymphocyte depleting chemotherapy, and anti-ESO TCR-gene engineered lymphocytes is able to be associated with a clinical response rate that can rule out 5% (p0=0.05) in favor of a modest 20% Partial Response (PR) + Complete Response (CR) rate (p1=0.20). * A total of up to 43 patients may be enrolled (41, plus allowing for up to 2 non-evaluable patients).