Obtaining Solid Tumor Tissue From People Having Biopsy or Surgery for Certain Types of Cancer

Background: Recent advances and insights into the molecular pathogenesis of cancer have led to the development of novel molecular and biologic targeted therapies for the treatment of advanced cancer patients. A critical challenge in extending these studies involves the identification and validation of new therapeutic targets for future cancer therapies. As Surgical Oncologists at the NCI, we have an interest in identifying novel molecular and biologic targets to facilitate the development of future cancer therapies. In addition, we have the primary responsibility for providing surgical consultative services to the NIH. As such, we are uniquely positioned to acquire and perform important studies on solid tumor tissue to help identify therapeutic targets that may have significant clinical ramifications. Objective: To collect biologic samples from participants undergoing diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic interventions for premalignant, primary or metastatic solid tumors for the purpose of identifying novel molecular and biologic therapeutic targets. Eligibility: Participants age \>= 2 years and older with radiographic or clinical suspicion of, genetic predisposition for, biochemical evidence of, or histologically/cytologically proven solid neoplasms who require diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic intervention as a part of the diagnosis and/or treatment and/or follow up for their neoplasm. Note: Participants \>= 2 years of age and under 18 years of age may only participate in research sample collection if the tissue acquisition is performed during a clinically indicated surgical procedure, and the biospecimen sampling (resected tumor tissue, blood, urine, ascites, or bile) does not add risk to the clinically indicated procedures. Participants without solid tumors in whom a diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic intervention is being performed, but for whom surgical quality and safety outcomes data are generated. Participants should have laboratory and physical examination parameters within acceptable limits by standard of practice guidelines prior to planned intervention. Design: A tissue acquisition trial in which tissues will be obtained at the time of intervention. No investigational therapy will be given. It is anticipated that 1,764 participants will be followed on this study.