Age

18–any

Sex

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

1. At least 18 years of age and English speakers
2. Present to ED with mechanism of trauma to the head, non-penetrating injury, or recent history of trauma to the head
3. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13-15 after 30 minutes post injury or later upon presentation for healthcare
4. Discharged from the ED in \<48 hours from time of admission
5. In addition participants must have one or more of the following symptoms at time of injury:
1. confusion or disorientation
2. loss of consciousness for 30 minutes or less,
3. post-traumatic amnesia for less than 24 hours
4. other transient neurological abnormalities such as focal signs, seizure and intracranial lesion not requiring surgery

1. the manifestations of mTBI are determined to be caused by penetrating craniocerebral injury
2. patients \<18 years of age or non-English speaking
3. patients with intracranial lesion requiring surgery
4. patients admitted to the hospital from ED
5. patients in police custody
6. patients without a telephone contact number

SWIFT Study in the ED