Does Weight Loss Surgery and Probiotic Supplementation Lead to a "Lean" Gut Microbiota?

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Inpatients
• •2. Pregnancy (urine test done on all patients routinely pre-op)/ unwilling to comply with contraceptive requirement after gastric bypass surgery
• •3. Known use of LGG or another probiotic (not including yogurt) within the previous 30 days
• •4. Presence of an active bowel leak, acute abdomen, active intestinal disease, or significant bowel dysfunction
• •5. Presence of an absolute neutrophil count less than 500 per cubic mm (must have had a Complete Blood Count within the last 6 months) or anticipation post chemotherapy that the absolute neutrophil count will fall below 500 per cubic mm.
• •6. History of adverse reaction to product containing lactobacillus
• •7. Active colitis (\*see definition below)
• •8. Known or suspected allergies to probiotics, lactobacillus, milk protein, or microcrystalline cellulose
• •9. Structural heart disease, history of endocarditis or valve replacement, implanted cardiac device, congestive heart failure
• •10. Positive baseline stool culture for LGG
• •11. Recent or planned chemotherapy or radiation therapy
• •12. Solid organ transplant within the prior year
• •13. Stem cell transplant within the prior year
• •14. On active immunosuppressive medication \[anti-rejection, injectable immunosuppressive drugs for autoimmune disease, or corticosteroids (greater than ½ mg per kg body weight of prednisone or its equivalent) not including inhaled or topical steroids\]
• •15. Allergy or intolerance to or contraindication to two or more of the rescue antibiotic regimens (ampicillin, clindamycin, moxifloxacin)
• •16. Participating in another clinical trial
• •17. Uncontrolled psychiatric illness