A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Posaconazole Versus Voriconazole for the Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis (MK-5592-069)

Exclusion Criteria

• •Chronic (\>1 month duration) IA, relapsed/recurrent IA, or refractory IA which has not responded to antifungal therapy.
• •Has pulmonary sarcoidosis, aspergilloma, or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
• •Known mixed invasive mold fungal infection including Zygomycetes, and/or a known invasive Aspergillus fungal infection in which either study drug may not be considered active.
• •Receipt of any systemic (oral, intravenous, or inhaled) antifungal therapy for this infection episode for 4 or more consecutive days (\>= 96 hours) immediately before randomization.
• •Developed the current episode of IA infection during receipt of \>13 days of antifungal prophylaxis with an agent considered to be a mold-active antifungal agent.
• •Receipt of posaconazole or voriconazole as empirical treatment for this infection for 4 days (96 hours) or more within the 15 days immediately before randomization.
• •Has condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with optimal participation in the study.
• •Known hypersensitivity or other serious adverse reaction to any azole antifungal therapy or to any other ingredient of the study medication used.
• •Females who are pregnant, intend to become pregnant, or are nursing at the time of randomization.
• •Known history of Torsade de Pointes, unstable cardiac arrhythmia or proarrhythmic conditions, or a history of recent myocardial infarction within 90 days of study entry.
• •Has significant liver dysfunction
• •Hepatic cirrhosis or a Child-Pugh score of C (severe hepatic impairment) at the time of randomization.
• •Severe renal insufficiency (estimated creatinine clearance \<20 mL/min) or on hemodialysis at the time of randomization or likely to require dialysis during the study.
• •Known hereditary problem of galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption.
• •Acute symptomatic pancreatitis within 6 months of study entry or a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis at the time of randomization.
• •Active skin lesion consistent with squamous cell carcinoma at the time of randomization, or a current or prior history of malignant melanoma within 5 years of study entry.
• •On artificial ventilation or receiving acute Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)/Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BPAP) at the time of randomization.
• •Known or suspected Gilbert's disease at the time of randomization.
• •Requires treatment with other medications that cannot be stopped and for which there is a known contraindication to co-administration of one or more of the study drugs.