Tranexamic Acid for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Pregnant woman, age less than 18
• •2. Patients whose use of the study drug is contraindicated
• •* Increased thromboembolic risk
• •* History of thromboembolic disease
• •* Alleged inherited thrombophilic disorders
• •* Malignancy (except those cured and has not recurred more than two years)
• •* Nephrotic syndrome
• •* Estrogen use
• •* Pregnancy
• •* HIT, APA
• •* High-risk for cardioembolism
• •* Underlying structural heart disease where anticoagulation is indicated
• •* Underlying cardiac rhythm disorder where anticoagulation is indicated (e.g. atrial fibrillation/flutter)
• •* Possibilities of ongoing DIC
• •* Signs and symptoms suggestive of clinically significant infectious disease (e.g. body temperature \> 38 degree)
• •* Any malignancy except those cured and has not recurred more than two years
• •* Patients with history or presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage
• •* Acquired color vision impairment, visual loss and retinal venous and arterial occlusions
• •* Past history of seizure or organic brain lesion that predispose to seizure disorder
• •3. Previous history of variceal bleeding
• •4. Cases where informed consent is unobtainable