Pericardiocentesis With Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exclusion Criteria

• •Cardiogenic shock (sustained systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 80 mm Hg despite volume repletion on physical examination or requiring catecholamine support)
• •Women who are pregnant or nursing
• •Unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging
• •* Cardiac pacemaker or implantable defibrillator
• •* Cerebral aneurysm clip
• •* Neural stimulator (e.g. TENS-Unit)
• •* Any type of ear implant
• •* Ocular foreign body (e.g. metal shavings)
• •* Metal shrapnel or bullet.
• •* Any implanted device (e.g. insulin pump, drug infusion device), unless it is labeled safe for MRI
• •Renal excretory dysfunction, estimated glomerular filtration rate \< 30 mL/min/1.73M(2) body surface area according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease criteria
• •Glomerular filtration rate will be estimated using the MDRD 2005 revised study formula:
• •--eGFR (mL/min/1.73M(2))=175x(standardized s(cr)) (-1.154) x (age) (-0.203) x 0.742 (if the subject is female) or x1.212 (if the subject is black)
• •Subjects meeting this exclusion criterion may still be included in the study but may not be exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents.
• •RATIONALE FOR SELECTION CRITERIA:
• •This is a technical development study with the prospect of direct benefit to individual research subjects. The selection criteria are designed to minimize risk while attaining the scientific objectives of the study.
• •Adult subjects are sought from among patients already undergoing medically necessary pericardiocentesis. Children are excluded from this first proof-of-concept experience to maximize safety; we anticipate a follow-on protocol that includes children.
• •Subjects with renal excretory dysfunction might be injured by gadolinium exposure and are not exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents. Pregnant subjects are excluded because of unknown risk and no benefit to a fetus. Magnetic resonance imaging will be used to guide pericardiocentesis, so subjects must be eligible to undergo magnetic resonance imaging safely.