High-Dose Busulfan and High-Dose Cyclophosphamide Followed By Donor Bone Marrow Transplant in Treating Patients With Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Multiple Myeloma, or Recurrent Hodgkin or Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Acute lymphocytic leukemia in first or second remission, or early first or second bone marrow relapse (31% marrow blasts and no circulating peripheral blasts)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia in first or second chronic phase, or accelerated phase

Myelodysplastic syndrome =\< 50 years

Lymphoma patients age =\< 50 years (non Hodgkins or Hodgkins) in first or second relapse, or refractory disease, who are ineligible for autologous bone marrow transplantation because of tumor in the bone marrow

Multiple myeloma patients age =\< 50 who have relapsed or are refractory to at least 2 chemo-radiation or chemotherapy regimens

Patients who have failed a previous allogeneic bone marrow transplant

Patients with inborn errors of metabolism

ECOG performance status of 0 or 1

Karnofsky performance status of \>= 70%

Patients must be HTLV-III (HIV) anti-body negative

Acute and chronic leukemia patients must be age =\< 50 years; patients up to age 60 years for any of these diseases who have a syngeneic donor are eligible

Patients (or bone marrow donors) who are HTLV-III (HIV) antibody positive are ineligible for this study

Patients must not have active infection

Patients must not have cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents for at least 4 weeks before the transplant conditioning regimen is to begin

It is recommended but not required that acute leukemia patients undergoing transplantation in first remission must have received at least one course of consolidation therapy

Patients undergoing transplant in early relapse are eligible for transplant in first and second relapse only

Patients must have no history of acute myocardial infarction in the 6 months prior to transplantation, angina pectoris requiring nitrate therapy, uncontrolled major ventricular dysrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension, or uncontrolled congestive heart failure

A gated-pool radionuclide scan fraction must be \>= 50%

Serum creatinine must be =\< 1.8% and a 24 hour creatinine clearance must be \>= 60ml/min

Serum direct bilirubin \>= 1.8mg%, or serum SGOT or SGPT \> twice normal will exclude patients from this study

Severe symptomatic CNS disease of any etiology other than CNS leukemia will exclude patients from study

FEV1 and DLco (corrected) must be \>= 60% of normal

pO2 \> 60mmHg

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or uncompensated major thyroid or adrenal dysfunction render patients ineligible

Written informed consent must be obtained

DONOR: All genotypically HLA- or D/DR identical siblings are eligible to be bone marrow donors so long as their general medical condition permits the safe use of general or spinal anesthesia; selected donors who are not HLA-identical may be considered for use as long as they are D/DR identical, MLC compatible, and are in good condition to safely undergo spinal or general anesthesia

DONOR: This protocol will allow the use of donors who are unrelated but are HLA-A, b, C, D/Dr identical and MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) compatible

Patient must have adequate insurance to cover the cost of the transplant and hospitalization

What this study is about