Background
Mutations in the Dedicator of Cytokinesis-8 (DOCK8) gene are responsible for an immunodeficiency disease characterized by: severe cutaneous and sinopulmonary infections with bacterial organisms; extensive cutaneous viral infections with Herpes simplex, Herpes zoster, Molluscum contagiosum, and Human Papilloma Virus; a marked elevation in serum IgE levels and eosinophilia; homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) gene. Patients with DOCK8 deficiency die from severe infections, squamous cell carcinomas, or hematological malignancies. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a potentially life-saving treatment for immunodeficiency diseases such as DOCK8 deficiency. In this study, we will evaluate the efficacy and safety of allogeneic HSCT for DOCK8 deficiency. We are particularly interested in determining whether allogeneic HSCT using different donor sources and conditioning regimens reverses the lethal disease phenotype in DOCK8 deficiency by reconstituting normal host defense. The development of lethal squamous cell carcinomas and lymphomas arising from the immunodeficiency in DOCK8 deficiency supports therapeutic intervention before overt malignancy arises.
Objective
To determine whether allogeneic HSCT reconstitutes T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte cells and myeloid cells with normal donor cells at one-year post-transplant and reverses the clinical phenotype of severe recurrent infections in subjects with DOCK8 deficiency.
Eligibility
Subjects 4-35 years old with DOCK8 deficiency who have suffered one or more life-threatening infections, or who have developed lymphoma or squamous cell carcinoma, and have a 10/10 matched related donor, a 10/10 matched unrelated donor, a 9/10 matched related donor a 9/10 matched unrelated donor, or a haploidentical related donor.
Design
Subjects with a 10/10 matched related or unrelated donor will receive a pre-transplant conditioning regimen consisting of fludarabine 40 mg/m2/day on days -6, -5, -4, and -3, and busulfan IV (dose based on pharmacokinetic levels) every day for 4 days on days -6, -5, -4, and -3. Donor hematopoietic stem cells will be infused on day 0.
Subjects with a 9/10 matched related, 9/10 matched unrelated, or a haploidentical related donor will receive a pre-transplant conditioning regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide 14.5 mg/kg on days -6 and -5, fludarabine 30 mg/m2/day on days -6, -5, -4, -3 and -2, busulfan IV (dose based on pharmacokinetic levels) once daily for three days on -4, -3 and -2, and 200 cGy TBI on day -1. Donor hematopoietic stem cells will be infused on day 0. Post-transplant immunosuppression for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis for recipients of 9/10 matched related or unrelated donors will consist of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg IV once daily for two days on day s +3 and +4, along with mycophenolate mofetil from day +5 to day +35 and tacrolimus from day +5 to day 180. If there is no evidence of graft-versus-host disease, tacrolimus will be stopped at approximately day+180.
All subjects will receive post-transplant immunosuppression for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis for recipients of 10/10 matched related and unrelated donors will consist of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg IV once daily for 2 days on days +3 and +4, along with mycophenolate mofetil from day +5 to day +35 and tacrolimus from day +5 to approximately day 180. If there is no evidence of graft-versus-host disease, tacrolimus will be stopped at approximately day +180.