Reward Processing in Cocaine Addiction

Exclusion Criteria

• •ALL PARTICIPANTS
• •Participants in both groups will be excluded from participation in this study if they:
• •1. Are unable to undergo MRI scanning due to pregnancy, implanted metallic devices (e.g. cardiac pacemaker or neurostimulator; some artificial joints metal pins; surgical clips; or other implanted metal parts), or claustrophobia.
• •2. Suffer from any major medical illness that may effect central nervous function including (but not limited to): hypertension; clinically significant arrhythmia; cardiovascular disease; asthma; diabetes; peripheral vascular diseases; coagulopathies; history of superficial or deep vein thrombosis; HIV; or syphilis.
• •3. Have any neurological illnesses including (but not limited to): seizure disorders; migraine; multiple sclerosis; movement disorders; or history of head trauma, CVA, or CNS tumor.
• •4. Have a history of syncope
• •5. Have an estimated IQ of \< 85
• •6. Are lactating or pregnant
• •7. Are currently taking any psychoactive or vasoactive medication(s).
• •8. Meet DSM-IV criteria for dependence on alcohol or marijuana. Recreational use of alcohol and/or marijuana will be tolerated in all participants as will nicotine dependence.
• •COCAINE-DEPENDENT PARTICIPANTS
• •Cocaine-dependent individuals will also be excluded from participation if:
• •They have any current or previous history of any major psychiatric disorder other than cocaine dependence, including but not limited to mood, anxiety and psychotic disorders.
• •They have current dependence on any substance of abuse, other than cocaine or nicotine. However, current or past co-morbid abuse of alcohol, marijuana and past dependence on other substances of abuse will be tolerated in this group.
• •They have a history of adverse reaction to cocaine, such as cardiac arrhythmia or chest pain.
• •CONTROL PARTICIPANTS
• •Control participants will be excluded if they:
• •1. Are currently, or have previously been, dependent on alcohol or any other drug (with the exception of nicotine).
• •2. Meet the DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse of any substance.
• •3. Have any current, or previous, diagnosis of any major psychiatric disorder, i.e. to include (but not limited to) mood, anxiety, and psychiatric disorders, or any substance-induced psychiatric disorders.
• •4. Have any family history of psychosis (based on self-report).
• •5. Have previously been diagnosed with a DSM-IV Axis II disorder.