Treatment Outcome With a Revascularization Protocol Using the Triple Versus Double Antibiotic Paste

Recent case series have reported positive outcomes treating necrotic immature permanent teeth with a regenerative procedure using a triple antibiotic paste (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, minocycline). However, this method can result in considerable staining due to minocycline. In this randomized clinical trial, we will compare clinical outcomes of a triple antibiotic paste versus a double antibiotic paste (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole) intracanal medicament as compared to a standard treatment (immediate apexification with MTA) in permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and immature root development. We hypothesize there will be no significant differences between radiographic measures of root development after treatment with either the double versus triple antibiotic paste, and that both methods will produce significantly greater increases in root length and width compared to standard treatment. The primary outcome measures will be radiographic measurement of root length and dentinal wall thickness and the secondary outcomes will be lack of clinical symptoms and crown staining.