Patients with type 1 or 2 Diabetes mellitus will be recruited according to eligibility criteria. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) will be separated from the bone marrow aspirate of each patient and be directly delivered to pancreas via splenic artery with the distal lumen occlusion through an arterial catheter. All patients will be explained in details about the procedures involved in BMMC transplantation and sign the informed consent for the study; The Ethics Committee of Qilu hospital, ShanDong university approved the treatment protocol. All patients undergo scheduled follow-up evaluations for 5 years after transplantation. Clinical, hematological, metabolical evaluations are performed to analyses the effect of the transplant, Patients fitting the inclusion criteria but not agreeing to perform the transplantation are the control group and will received the regular OHA and/or insulin therapy .They are followed in parallel with transplanted patients and will be subjected to the same follow-up management including extensive endocrinological monitoring, diet and exercise program as transplantation patients during the follow-up.
