Use of Ketorolac in Management of Post-Operative Pain After Heart Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •Allergy or sensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• •History of gastrointestinal bleeding or peptic ulcer
• •Serum creatinine = 2.0 mg/dl or rise in serum creatinine of = 0.5 mg/dl or 25% within the preceding 10 days if known with the exception of patients with Dialysis Dependent End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).
• •Hepatic dysfunction
• •Patients with low cardiac output syndrome (cardiac index \< 2.0) after cardiopulmonary bypass or pre-op ejection fraction \< 30%
• •Inability to operate PCA pump
• •Cardiothoracic reoperations
• •Bleeding disorder