Clinical Trial of Meditation for Cardiovascular Disease in Older Black Women

Older African American women suffer from disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular (CVD) morbidity and mortality compared to white Americans. Numerous controlled studies suggest that this disparity is associated with chronic psychosocial and environmental stress. Research indicates that Transcendental Meditation (TM) may result in significant improvements in CVD risk factors in this high risk population. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to either active stress reduction with TM or health education control, both in addition to usual medical care, for 12 months. The primary outcome will be carotid artery atherosclerosis (IMT) measured non-invasively by quantitative B-mode ultrasonography. Secondary measures will include traditional CVD risk factors (blood pressure, serum glucose and insulin levels, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle), stress-related neurohormones (catecholamine metabolite and cortisol), psychosocial stress, and quality of life. The results of this trial will yield valuable new knowledge for the prevention of CVD through a CAM intervention in high risk older African American women.