Melatonin for Glycemic Control in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Exclusion Criteria

• •Use of melatonin 1 month before pregnancy or/and during pregnancy
• •Night shift work or exposed to jetlag on a regular basis during pregnancy
• •Contraindications to melatonin use, including hypersensitive or allergic to melatonin
• •Use of antidepressive or antipsychotic medications which can interfere with melatonin metabolism and/or elimination, such as fluvoxamine, 5- or 8-methoxypsoralen, cimetidine, quinolones, and other CYP1A2 inhibitors; carbamazepine, rifampicin, and other CYP1A2 inducers; and zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone, and other non-benzodiazepine hypnotics
• •Pre-pregnancy diabetes, including patients diagnosed with diabetes before conception, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% in the first trimester, typical hyperglycemic symptoms or hyperglycemic crisis with random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L
• •Other major diseases before gestation, e.g. hypertensive disorders, rheumatology or malignant diseases, infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C, chronic diseases leading to impaired heart, liver, or renal function
• •Major fetal anomalies